Some of the more useful Unix Commands
Since you are essentially using a Unix system when you connect to various systems across the Internet, we thought it might be helpful to put up a listing of some of the more useful Unix commands found on most systems to help you "thread" your way around. 

This is a simple reference giving a one line description of some of the more common (useful) Unix system commands. If you are unfamiliar with Unix, this will give an idea of what is available and you can read the appropriate manual pages for more information.

 

Common UNIX Commands

COMMAND
DESCRIPTION
basename returns the base part (filename part) of a pathname
cal shows calender of any month or year
cat concatenates files, data together or to screen
chmod changes the access mode(s) of a file or files. "+" adds capabilities while "-" deletes them. "x" is for execute, "w" is for write and "r" is for read.
comm compares and contrast 2 sets of ordered lists (see sort)
compress compresses files quickly
cp copy - copy files
df shows free space on the disk(s)
dirname returns the directory part of a pathname
du shows how much space a directory and all its files occupies
echo unix echo command (used within scripting)
ed line editor with regular expression substitution
elm Mail read, post utility
egrep enhanced grep that can look or two or more patterns at once
env shows the environment, -s option gives a summary of bytes used
expr does arithmetic, substrings, string lengths, pattern matching
false returns false
find finds files bases on mod times, sizes, permissions, or name
fgrep fast version of grep that does not handle regular expressions
fold folds lines with more than 80 characters to just 80 and remainder
ftp a file transfer utility used heavily on the network
grep regular expression pattern finder, find any pattern in a file
head shows top 10 lines of any file
join joins two lines of text together (removes the newline separator)
lc lists files in columns
look finds a string quickly in a sorted file using binary search
ls list files in a directory
more show files a page at a time, takes multiple command arguments
mv move (rename) files, can cross directories and do multiple files
od octal dump, dislay binary data in human readable format
passwd change password utility
pine Mail read, post utility
pg page file(s) utility
pr used for formatting files before printing.
pwd return current working directory
rm remove files, or directories, can do recursive, -i prompts
rmdir remove an empty directory
rz receive file(s) using zmodem transfer
scosh SCO Unix, full screen menu system for terminal type connections
sed line editor, good for use in batch scripts, handles reg expressions
sleep sleep given number of seconds
sort full Unix sort, powerful, quick, numeric, on individual fields
strings see the error messages or text strings in a binary file
sum generate a checksum on a file or batch.
sz send files using zmodem transfer
tail show last 10 lines of a file
tee save output to a file and the screen at the same time
telnet a character based, terminal connection utility for use on the network
test test files for properties, test variables, expressions
true returns true, useful from within batch scripts,
vi very powerful screen based text editor
wc generates the count of characters, words, lines in any text file
what shows the revision, release of a binary file
yes returns y or any string you give it. Useful for batch scripts

 



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